A unique identification number assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) to each distinct chemical substance recorded in the CAS Chemical Registry System. This number may contain up to 9 digits. To search by CAS# from the main search page, click on the 'Anti-HIV/OI Chemical Compound Database' link, select the 'CAS#' field and then enter the CAS# in the entry box. A CAS# should be entered in its hyphenated form when doing a search by CAS#. For example, the CAS# for AZT is 30516-87-1. Use only one CAS# per search. An assigned CAS# (if recorded)can be found with each chemical structure on the Structure Results Page in the 'Links to ChemID Plus' box and the 'Links to PubMed' box.

Cell lines are distinct families of cells grown in culture. Cells in the same line are typically clones. Different cell lines have different characteristics. One should search by cell type not cell line. See how to search by'cell type'.

Specific cell types artificially maintained in the laboratory (in-vitro) for scientific purposes. Associated with cytotoxicity or intracellular test assays. A list of cell types can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV Cell-Based Data' link, then selecting the 'cell type' field and then clicking on the 'cell type examples' link. If you wish to search a by particular cell type, double-click on the name of that cell type on the list or type the name of a cell type in the cell type entry box.

Chemical Name is a systematic name for a chemical compound. This name generally relates information about the identity of a compound in terms of its structure and properties. For example, the Chemical Name for AZT is Thymidine, 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-. The chemical name field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV/OI Chemical Compound Database' link. To search by a particular chemical name enter the chemical name of the compound in the entry box labeled Chemical Name or Synonym. Also, make sure that the exact name which is under the 'search by:' menu is selected, since this will return a record of only the compound with the exact name that you have entered. The other options listed under 'search by:' menu may return more than one record. In addition, you may also search by chemical name by selecting the 'chemical name' field and then entering the chemical name in the corresponding entry box

The general category assigned to a chemical based on toxicity, use, pharmacology, structure, or status in certain chemical lists. A list of class types can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on one of the 'Anti-HIV Data' links, then selecting the 'compound class' field and then clicking on the 'class type examples' link. To search by class for a particular compound, double-click on the name of that class on the list or type the name of the class in the entry box. In order to search using two classes, enter one class name per box and select the 'AND' boolean operator. DO NOT ENTER MULTIPLE CLASSES IN THE SAME BOX.

Name of company which tested the chemical, markets the drug, or may have a patent on the chemical. A list of company names can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV/OI Chemical Compound Database' link, then selecting the 'company' field and then clicking on the 'list of companies' link. If you wish to search by a particular company double-click on the name of that company on the list or type the name of a company in the company entry box.

The class or category to which a compound belongs. A list of class types can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on one of the 'Anti-HIV Data' links, then selecting the 'compound class' field and then clicking on the 'class type examples' link. To search by class for a particular compound, double-click on the name of that class on the list or type the name of the class in the entry box. In order to search using two classes, enter one class name per box and select the 'AND' boolean operator. DO NOT ENTER MULTIPLE CLASSES IN THE SAME BOX.

The EC50 represents the concentration of drug that is required for 50% inhibition of viral replication of HIV infected cells. The IC50(Cytoxicity) or CC50 represents the concentration of drug that is required for 50% cell kill(cytoxicity) of the uninfected cells. The TI(Therapeutic Index) is a measure of the drugs' safety margin. It is also expressed as IC50(cytoxicity)/EC50. The EC50 or IC50(cytoxicity) or TI(Therapeutic Index) field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV Cell-Based Data' link, and then selecting one of the fields from within the first search field labeled 'Select Quantitative Field'. To search for data with EC50 values less than or equal to a particular value, select the 'EC50<=[uM or g/mL]' field and enter your EC50 value in the entry box. Similar searches can be done for IC50(cytotoxicity) and TI. Please note that the EC50 or IC50(cytotoxicity) units are expressed in uM or ug/mL

A list of enzymes can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV Enzyme Inhibition Data' links, then selecting the 'enzyme' field and then clicking on the 'enzyme examples' link. To search for data by enzyme, double-click on the name of that enzyme on the list or type the name of the enzyme in the entry box. In addition, you may also enter the name of the compound (inhibitor) tested against that enzyme. This will specify your search. Please note that searches by enzyme should only be done by using one enzyme name per search.

Subgroup of HIV species (also called taxon). Associated with cytotoxicity or intracellular test assays. A list of HIV Strain Types can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV Cell-Based Data' link or the 'Anti-HIV Enzyme Inhibition Data' link, then selecting the 'HIV STRAIN TYPE' field and then clicking on the 'HIV strain-type examples' link. If you wish to search by a particular HIV strain , you can select the 'HIV STRAIN TYPE' field, then double-click on the name of that HIV strain on the list or type the name of the HIV strain in the HIV strain entry box.

The IC50 represents the concentration of drug that is required for 50% inhibition of enzyme activity. The Ki is the inhibition constant for the inhibited enzyme. The IC50 or Ki field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV Enzyme Inhibition Data' link, and then selecting one of the fields from within the first search field labeled 'Select Quantitative Field'. To search for data with IC50 or Ki values less than or equal to a particular value, select the 'IC50 or Ki <=[uM]' field and enter your IC50 or Ki value in the entry box. To search for data with IC50 or Ki values greater than or equal to a particular value, select the 'IC50 or Ki >=[uM]' field and enter your IC50 or Ki value in the entry box.

A list of journals can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'HIV/OI Bibliographic Database' link, then selecting the'Journal' field and then clicking on the 'list of journals' link. If you wish to search by a particular journal double-click on the name of that journal on the list or type the name of a journal in the journal entry box.

Log Kow or LogP is the octanol-water partition coefficient for a neutral molecule. The LogP field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV/ OI Chemical Compound Database' link, the 'Anti-HIV Enzyme Inhibition Data' link or the 'Anti-HIV Opportunistic Infection Data' link and then selecting one of the three LogP field from within the first search field labeled 'Select Quantitative Field'. To search for compound(s) with LogP less than or equal to a particular value select the 'Estimated LogP<=' field and enter your LogP value in the entry box. To search for compound(s) with LogP greater than or equal to a particular value select the 'Estimated LogP>=' field and enter your LogP value in the entry box. To search for compound(s) with a certain range of LogP select the 'Estimated LogP range' field and enter your LogP value in the entry box. When searching by LogP range, use the word AND to indicate your range. For example, to search for compounds with LogP between -0.02 and 0.01 enter -0.02 AND 0.01 in the entry box.

Formula that list the kind and number of atoms in a molecule. The molecular formula field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV/ OI Chemical Compound Database' link, and then selecting the field named 'mol formula'. To search by molecular formula for a particular compound, enter the molecular formula of that compound in the entry box. The molecular formula should be entered with one space between elements. For example, the molecular formula for valium should be entered as C16 H13 Cl N2 O. To search for compounds that are in the database as combinations, enter the formulas of the compounds and separate them by a space, followed by a period and followed by a space. For example, the formulas for the combination of atovaquone and dapsone should be entered as C22 H19 Cl O3 . C12 H12 N2 O2 S respectively. In addition, please note that the elements of any molecular formula (which ever ones are present) should be entered only in the following order: C H Br Cl F I N O P S

The sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule. There are three molecular weight fields. The molecular weight fields can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV/ OI Chemical Compound Database' link, the 'Anti-HIV Cell-Based Data' link, the 'Anti-HIV Enzyme Inhibition Data' link or the 'Anti-HIV Opportunistic Infection Data' link, and then selecting one of the three molecular weight fields from the Select Quantitative Field. To search for compound(s) with molecular weights less than or equal to a particular value select the 'mol wgt<=' field and enter your molecular weight value in the entry box. To search for compound(s) with molecular weights greater than or equal to a particular value select the 'mol wgt>=' field and enter your molecular weight value in the entry box. To search for compound(s) with a certain range of molecular weights, select the 'mol wgt range' field and enter your molecular weight value in the entry box. When searching by molecular weight range, use the word AND to indicate your range. For example, to search for compounds with molecular weights between 250 and 255 enter 250 AND 255 in the entry box.

An NSC#(The National Cancer Institute(NCI) internal identification number) is assigned to each distinct chemical substance recorded in their database. A list of NSC numbers can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV/OI Chemical Compound Database' link, then selecting the 'NSC#' field and then clicking on the 'list of NSC numbers' link. If you wish to search by a particular NSC#, you can select the 'NSC#' field, then double-click on that NSC# on the list or type the NSC# in the NSC# entry box.

The pages field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'HIV/ OI Bibliographic Database' link and then selecting the'pages' field. To search by page numbers, enter the first page of the article, followed by a dash, followed by the last page number of the article. For example, to search for an article with pages 210 to 212, enter 210-212

The Relative Fold Resistance or "altered drug susceptibility." is the Relative resistance of a mutant type strain/Relative resistance of a wild type strain. The Relative Fold Resistance field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV Cell-Based Data' link, or the 'Anti-HIV Enzyme Inhibition Data' link and then selecting the Relative Resistance field from within the first search field labeled 'Select Quantitative Field'. To search for data for a compound with Relative Fold Resistance less than or equal to a particular value, select the 'Relative Resistance<=' field and enter that value in the entry box. To search for data for a compound with Relative Fold Resistance greater than or equal to a particular value, select the 'Relative Resistance>=' field and enter that value in the entry box.

Common or alternate name. Example: Synonyms for7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one include Diazepam, Ro 5-2805, and Valium. The Synonyms field can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the 'Anti-HIV/OI Chemical Compound Database' link. To search using a synonym enter the synonym in the entry box labeled Chemical Name or Synonym. Also, make sure that the exact name which is under the 'search by:' menu is selected, since this will return a record of only the compound with the exact name that you have entered. The other options listed under 'search by:' menu may return more than one record.

The target is generally the species or cellular process at which the inhibitor or drug is targeted in an enzyme or cellular anti-viral assay aimed at inhibiting or preventing HIV proliferation. A list of targets can be accessed from the main search page by clicking on the'Anti-HIV Cell-Based Data' link, or the 'Anti-HIV Enzyme Inhibition Data' link, selecting the'TARGET' field and then clicking on the 'target examples' link. To search by a particular target double-click on the name of that target on the list or type the name of a target in the target entry box.

Enter words contained in the title. It is not necessary to enter the entire title, however entering part of a title will return all articles which contain the words you have entered in the exact order in which you entered them. Example: Entering "Synthesis and Antiviral Activity" returns all documents containing this exact phrase in the title. NOTE: The words entered must be in the exact same order as found in the title of the article for which you are searching. Example: The entry "Synthesis and Antiviral Activity" will not return the same documents as the entry "Antiviral Activity and Synthesis".